干 渉

その1

波数: \( k \) 、光速: \( c \) 、光路長差: \( OPD \) 、波長: \( \lambda \) 、周波数: \( \nu \) 、伝搬時間差: \( \frac{OPD}{c} = \tau_{p} \)

$$ \begin{eqnarray} E_{1} & = & A_{1} \exp [i(\omega t - k_{1}l_{1})] \\ E_{2} & = & A_{2} \exp [i(\omega t - k_{2}l_{2})] \end{eqnarray} $$ $$ E_{out} = E_{1} + E_{2} $$
$$ \begin{eqnarray} |E_{out}|^{2} & = & |E_{1} + E_{2}|^{2} \\ & = & (E_{1} + E_{2})(E_{1}^{\ast} + E_{2}^{\ast}) \\ & = & E_{1}E_{1}^{\ast} + E_{2}E_{2}^{\ast} + E_{1}E_{2}^{\ast} + E_{2}E_{1}^{\ast}\\ & = & E_{1}E_{1}^{\ast} + E_{2}E_{2}^{\ast} + E_{1}E_{2}^{\ast} + (E_{1}E_{2}^{\ast})^{\ast}\\ & = & |E_{1}|^{2} + |E_{2}|^{2} + 2Re(E_{1}E_{2}^{\ast})\\ & = & A_{1}^{2} + A_{2}^{2} + 2A_{1}A_{2}\cos (k_{2}l_{2} - k_{1}l_{1})\\ \\ I_{out} & = & I_{1} + I_{2} + 2 \sqrt{I_{1}I_{2}}\cos (k_{2}l_{2} - k_{1}l_{1})\\ \end{eqnarray} $$
$$ \begin{eqnarray} |Z|^{2} & = & Re^{2} + Im^{2} \\ & = & (Re + iIm)(Re - iIm) \\ & = & Z \times Z^{\ast} \end{eqnarray} $$

\( \ast \) は、複素共役。

$$ \begin{eqnarray} Z + Z^{\ast} & = & (Re + iIm)+(Re - iIm) \\ & = & 2Re \end{eqnarray} $$

干渉項 ※ \( \cos (\ast) \)の部分

$$ \begin{eqnarray} \cos (k_{2}l_{2} - k_{1}l_{1}) & = & \cos (2 \pi \cdot \dfrac{1}{\lambda} \cdot OPD) \\ & = & \cos (2 \pi \cdot \dfrac{OPD}{c} \cdot \nu ) \\ & = & \cos (2 \pi \cdot \tau_{p} \cdot \nu ) \\ \end{eqnarray} $$
$$ \cos (2 \pi \cdot \dfrac{1}{周期} \cdot 横軸 ) $$ $$ \cos (角速度 \cdot 横軸 ) $$

 ̄\   / ̄\
  |  |   |
  \_/   \_/
   ←――――→ 
      周期[単位:●])
        ↑
(1周期(2π[rad])ぶん)

――――――――――――→ 横軸 [単位:●]


リンク

  1. 杜甫々 "とほほのMathJax入門"
    https://www.tohoho-web.com/ex/mathjax.html#array
  2. なかけん "Easy Copy MathJax"
    https://easy-copy-mathjax.nakaken88.com/
  3. なかけん "なかけんの数学ノート"
    https://math.nakaken88.com/